Chapter 1 Code of Research Ethics

Article 1 (Purpose)

The research ethics regulations of PEACES, the journal published by the Kangwon Institute for Unification Studies at Kangwon National University, prescribe the principles and criteria for verification procedures and sanctions in order to prevent research misconduct such as plagiarism and duplicate publication.

Article 2 (Research Ethics and Responsibilities of Authors)

1. A manuscript that has been published in, or is under submission to, a journal other than PEACES may not be submitted to this journal; and a manuscript under submission to or published in this journal may not be submitted to or published in another journal.
2. The corresponding or principal author bears responsibility for the data and the attribution of authorship, and also has a duty to supervise the work of co-researchers.
3. The corresponding author is responsible for the order of authorship and for the attribution of co-authorship.

Article 3 (Method and Principles of Citation)

1. Authors shall be accurate in indicating sources and in compiling the list of references.
2. Authors shall cite in a reasonable manner, in accordance with the principle of good faith, so that cited works can be distinguished from the citing work.
3. Where authors draw on a theory or view contained in a work already published by another and introduce it into their own work, they shall always indicate the source.

Article 4 (Code of Ethics for Editorial Board Members)

1. Editorial board members are responsible for deciding whether a submitted article is to be published, and shall respect the independence of authors.
2. Editorial board members shall decide on publication according to the quality of the article and the submission regulations, setting aside any preconception based on the author's sex, age, institutional affiliation or personal acquaintance.
3. Editorial board members shall not disclose information about the author or the content of a submitted article until a decision on publication has been made.

Article 5 (Code of Ethics for Reviewers)

1. Reviewers shall assess in good faith the articles referred to them by the Editorial Board within the period prescribed by the review regulations, and shall report the outcome to the Editorial Board.
2. Reviewers shall evaluate the articles referred to them fairly and by objective criteria, setting aside personal scholarly convictions and any private acquaintance with the author.
3. Where reviewers find that an article referred to them has already been published in another journal, is under review elsewhere, or involves any other violation of research ethics, they shall inform the Editorial Board of the fact.

Chapter 2 Provisions on Violations

Article 6 (Definition of Research and Publication Misconduct)

An article involving research misconduct such as the following—fabrication, falsification, plagiarism, improper attribution of authorship, or duplicate publication—shall not be published, and shall be subject to sanction as determined by the Editorial Board and these regulations.

1. 'Fabrication' means falsely creating data or research results that do not exist and recording or reporting them.
2. 'Falsification' means artificially manipulating research materials or results, or arbitrarily altering or deleting data, so as to distort intentionally the content and results of the research.
3. 'Plagiarism' means using, without proper approval or citation, another person's work protected by copyright law, or their research conception, ideas, hypotheses, theories or research results.
4. 'Improper attribution of authorship' means, without justifiable reason, denying the status of author to a person who has made a scholarly contribution to the content or results of the research, or granting that status to a person who has made no scholarly contribution.
5. 'Duplicate publication' means submitting to and publishing in another journal a work of one's own that is wholly or almost identical in text to one's own already published work, without informing the editor or readers of the existence of that earlier work.

Chapter 3 Determination of Violations

Article 7 (Body Responsible for Determination)

1. Determination of research and publication misconduct is the responsibility of the Research Ethics Committee established under the Editorial Board.
2. The purpose of the Research Ethics Committee is to deliberate on matters necessary in relation to conduct that violates the journal's research ethics regulations, whether through unintentional error in the conduct of research and the derivation of results or through intentional misconduct such as fabrication or plagiarism.

Article 8 (Composition and Operation of the Research Ethics Committee)

1. The Research Ethics Committee shall be established and operated under the Editorial Board.
2. The chair of the Research Ethics Committee shall be appointed by the Editor-in-Chief.

Chapter 4 The Research Ethics Committee and Sanctions

Article 9 (Powers of the Research Ethics Committee)

1. In respect of matters reported as violations of the research ethics regulations, the Research Ethics Committee shall conduct an investigation through the informant, the person under investigation, witnesses, references and documentary evidence, and shall determine whether a violation has occurred.
2. Where a violation is found, the Committee shall resolve upon appropriate sanctions.

Article 10 (Guarantee of an Opportunity to Respond and of Confidentiality)

1. The Research Ethics Committee shall give an author reported for a violation of the ethics regulations a full opportunity to respond.
2. Until a final decision on sanctions for a violation of the code of research ethics has been made by the Research Ethics Committee, members of the Committee shall not disclose the identity of the author concerned to any outside party.

Article 11 (Procedure and Content of Sanctions)

Where the Research Ethics Committee decides upon sanctions, the following measures shall be taken.

1. Where the article has not yet been published in the journal, publication of that article shall be refused.
2. Where the article has been published in the journal, its publication shall be retroactively nullified.
3. Submission to this journal shall be prohibited for the following three years.

Article 12 (Ethics)

After deciding upon sanctions, the Research Ethics Committee shall notify the National Research Foundation of Korea and the institutions responsible for managing research performance of the facts relating to the measures taken.

Supplementary Provision

Article 13 (Amendment of the Operating Regulations of the Research Ethics Committee)

The procedure for amending the operating regulations of the Research Ethics Committee shall be determined by the Editorial Board.