This article argues that addressing civilian massacres around the Korean War requires the Truth and Reconciliation Commission, Republic of Korea (TRCK), and similar bodies to move beyond legal and individual case confirmation toward historical and structural truth-finding that exposes organizational dynamics and ideological mechanisms. This demonstrates the need for integrated truth-finding, which combines these layers from the outset. The First TRCK (2005-2010) centered on identifying individual victims, leaving historical and structural inquiries insufficient, and follow-up measures limited. The Second TRCK (2020-2025) showed ideological bias and lack of expertise in its leadership, resulting in low truth-finding rates on massacres committed by Korean security forces and the U.S. military. Across both commissions, gender-based violence by the state-including wartime and postwar harms against women-remained largely unaddressed. A Third TRCK should establish an integrated system early on to strengthen professionalism, improve investigation and reporting, consolidate findings, and advance Korea’s efforts to confront past state violence.