This study critically examines the human-animal relationship through the lenses of postcolonialism, new materialism, and planetary perspectives, integrating these with peace studies. Modern worldviews and colonial development discourses have historically justified structural violence against nature and animals, treating them as mere resources for human benefit. Consequently, this research first explores how colonialism has perpetuated environmental exploitation and oppression of non-human beings through a postcolonial analysis. Second, it emphasizes the need to conceptualize peace beyond human-centric paradigms by incorporating perspectives from new materialism and planetary thought, which highlight the entangled relations between human and non-human entities. By analyzing the case of the Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin conservation movement in Jeju, this study demonstrates how human-animal relationships can be restructured beyond the binary of protection and exploitation towards new modes of coexistence. Particularly, it applies Alfred North Whitehead's concept of concrescence and Tim Ingold's notion of plenum to illustrate the collaborative formation of relationships and the subsequent socio-institutional transformations. Based on these discussions, this study argues that peace studies in the era of climate crisis must extend beyond anthropocentrism to embrace ‘planetary peace,’ which acknowledges and respects the agency of non-human beings.